Размножение папоротников посредством спор в культуре in vitro
(обзор литературы)

© Л.А. Шелихан*, Э.В. Некрасов
Амурский филиал Ботанического сада-института
Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук, г. Благовещенск

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Интерес к папоротникам как объектам биотехнологии определяется особенностями их развития и репродукции, знание которых важно для понимания эволюции растений. Они являются ценными декоративными и медицинскими растениями, продуцентами биологически активных веществ. Воспроизводство редких и исчезающих видов папоротников важно для сохранения видового разнообразия растений. К настоящему времени накоплен обширный материал по культивированию папоротников в условиях in vitro. Разработанные методы открыли новые возможности для углубленного изучения, практического использования и сохранения видов этой группы растений. Обзор рассматривает вопросы размножения папоротников методами in vitro при использовании спор в качестве эксплантов. Протоколы, описанные в литературе, позволяют разработать оптимальные условия для введения в культуру in vitro и размножения новых видов.

Ключевые слова: Polypodiophyta, папоротники, споры, гаметофит, спорофит, культура in vitro

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Fern propagation via spore culture in vitro (a review)

© L.A. Shelikhan*, E.V. Nekrasov
Amur Branch of Botanical Garden-Institute,
Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Blagoveshchensk

Ferns are highly interesting objects for biotechnology due to their special development and reproduction, knowledge of which is important for the understanding of plant evolution. Ferns are also valuable ornamental and medicinal plants, they have a high potential for production of bioactive compounds. Some fern species are rare or endangered whose conservation is necessary for plant biodiversity. There are enough experimental data on in vitro cultivation of ferns which can significantly contribute to the development of abovementioned subjects. The review considers different topics on fern propagation in vitro with spores used as explants. The variety of protocols described in literature for cultivation in vitro is useful for multiplication of new fern species.

Keywords: Polypodiophyta, ferns, spores, gametophyte, sporophyte, in vitro culture.

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